Introduction. Hemoglobin A1c is a standard marker of metabolic control of diabetes and is associated with the risk of chronic neurovascular complications of diabetes. There are oral cavity diabetic complications like chronic and acute gingivitis and periodontitis. It is known that they may increase insulin‑resistance and alter the metabolic control of diabetes. In the previous studies the relationship between metabolic control of diabetes assessed by HbA1c measurement and oral cavity health in patients with diabetes type 1 has been shown. The worse metabolic control, the higher intensity of bleeding in dental examination and so — more intense inflammation even in well maintained oral cavity. Intensive functional insulin therapy (IFIT) is currently recommended as the mode of treatment in type 1 diabetes. Insulin may be thus delivered by multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with personal insulin pump. Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the dental plaque accumulation in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with personal insulin pump. Material and methods. 402 (171 men) patients with type 1 diabetes, aged 18–45, with median diabetes duration of 12,5 years were examined. HbA1c, CRP, T‑Chol were measured and dental examination with API assessment was performed. Patients were divided into subgroups according to the mode of insulin therapy. Results. 47% were treated with insulin pump. They were characterized by younger age, lower BMI, lower HbA1c, lower T‑Chol and CRP with comparison to MDI patients. There were no differences in gender or disease duration, although more smokers were in MDI group. Positive correlation between API and age, HbA1c, T‑Chol, hs‑CRP and BMI was observed. API correlated negatively with insulin pump treatment and female sex. In multivariate regression analysis lower HbA1c and insulin pump treatment were associated with lower API independently from age, sex, smoking and other factors.

Key words: type 1 diabetes, gingivitis, dental plaque, multiple daily injections, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, personal insulin pump.