Since Mandelbrot announced the concept of the fractal geometry, fractal analysis has been used in the description of various structures found in nature and biosignals. It has been used to interpret biological phenomena such as nervous tissue, vascular system, the electrical conductivity of the heart and EEG. In dentistry, there have been many attempts to analyze the structure of jaw bones to assess periodontal disease and osteoporosis. Many authors indicate that bone tissue has a fractal structure, and that the fractal analysis can be inexpensive and convenient screening instrument in the diagnosis of systemic diseases that cause changes in the image of bones. This article is a review of applications of fractal analysis in bone evaluation.

Key words: fractal dimension, radiological images, bone tissue.