Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis (HGF) poses a complex interdisciplinary challenge, necessitating collaboration among genetics, dentistry, and pathology. Its genetic basis involves mutations in specific genes and disrupted cellular processes leading to excessive fibrous tissue growth in the gums. Clinical symptoms vary from facial/oral to oral symptoms, including a slow but continuous enlargement of the gingiva, which can eventually cover the teeth to varying extents. HGF require a thorough diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and genetic testing, while management demands a comprehensive approach encompassing both non-surgical and surgical interventions. Given the risk of recurrence, diligent post-operative monitoring is essential. Through interdisciplinary teamwork, precise diagnosis, a proper dental treatment and ongoing care can be provided, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for individuals with HGF.

Key words: Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis, genetic disorders, periodontology.